But close on the advertisement disorders, which followed the financial crisis Of ...

But close on the advertisement disorders, which followed the financial crisis Of 18 5 7, had come a long succession of strikes, to make it clear that whether Trade Unions were good or evil they had become a

power in industry which must either be

put under the ban, or brought within the scope, of ascertained law.

In 1875, Parliament recognized in its entirety the freedom of contract and the right of collective bargaining.

The publisherof this wise and timely measure of pacification, which in our social history may rank with Fielden's Act of 1847, was a typical product of Early Victorian training. Of comfortable Lancashire stock: a Rugbeian of Arnold's time and a Trinity man; churchman, magistrate, and banker; Cross represents that combination of old sagacity and new intelligence which marks the blending of the traditional and authoritative element in public life with the exploratory and scientific.

In history he does not rank as a great man: on the crowded canvas of Victorian politics he is barely an eminent man.

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